Transformation, encoding and representation

What’s the difference? Transformation is when something is turned into something else, as in the conversion of carbohydrates to sugar during digestion. Encoding is transformation into a code that carries information and can be decoded, as in the transformation of a text message into Morse code. The term ‘representation’ is used in many senses, but is generally understood as a process in which something is used to stand in for something else, as in the use of the symbol ‘I’ to stand for the author of this article.